Ly Thanh Tong secondary school Name: ____________________
English grade 9 Class: 9 _____
CLAUSES OF CAUSES AND RESULTS
(những mệnh đề về nguyên nhân và kết quả)
- Because, as, since ↔ so, therefore bởi vì – vì vậy
- S + V + so + adj /adv + that + clause (S V O/C) adj /adv đến nỗi mà + mệnh đề
- S + V + so many/much + noun + that + clause (S V O/C) nhiều … đến nỗi mà + mệnh đề
- S + V + such + noun phrase + that + clause (S V O/C) cụm danh từ đến nỗi mà + mệnh đề
- S + V + adj /adv enough (for Sb) to do St đủ adj / adv (đối với ai đó) để làm gì đó
- S + V + enough + noun to do St đủ … để làm gì đó
- S + V + too + adj /adv (for Sb) to do St quá adj / adv (đối với ai đó) không thể làm gì đó
A. John is very lazy, so he can’t pass the final exam. (hai chủ ngữ giống nhau)
- Because John ___________________________________________
- John is so ______________________________________________
- John is such ____________________________________________
- John is too _____________________________________________
- John is not hard _________________________________________
B. The exercise was very difficult, so John couldn’t do it. (hai chủ ngữ khác nhau)
- Because the exercise _____________________________________
- The exercise was so ______________________________________
- It was such __________________________________________________
- The exercise was not __________________________________________
- The exercise was too __________________________________________
C. John has many friends, so he has no time to study. (danh từ)
- John has so _____________________________________________
- John has such ___________________________________________
D. Mary drives very carelessly, so she often has accidents. (trạng từ)
- Because Mary _____________________________________________
- Mary drives so _____________________________________________
- Mary is such _______________________________________________
- Mary doesn’t drive __________________________________________ (avoid)
- Mary drives too _____________________________________________ (avoid)
Viết lại đầy đủ những cấu trúc sau:
- Because, …………, ……….. ↔ …………. , ………………
- S + V + so + ………………..… + that + ……………. .
- S + V + so many/much + ………+ that + ………..….. .
- S + V + such + …………………+ that + …………… .
- S + V + ………….. enough (…………) to do St.
- S + V + enough + ………….. to do St.
- S + V + too + ……………..(for Sb) to do St.
Những điểm cần lưu ý về những mệnh đề nguyên nhân và kết quả:
- Không thay đổi về thì của động từ khi thay đổi cấu trúc của chúng.
- Cấu trúc enough to do:
- tính từ đứng trước enough: She is old enough to go to school by bike.
- danh từ đứng sau enough: She has enough money to buy a new bike.
- Cấu trúc … enough for Sb to do và cấu trúc too … for Sb to do:
- It is so heavy. (rất)
- She is a student, so am I. (cũng vậy)
- I am not so tall as my father. (không … như)
- I study hard so that I can pass the final examination. (để mà)
- I study hard so as to pass the final examination. (để mà)
- Chỉ có một chủ ngữ, không lập lại chủ ngữ đó như một tân ngữ
- This exercise is too hard for Mary to finish. (
it, this exercise)
- I think this exercise is not easy enough for me to do.(
it, this exercise)
- The exercise was so difficult that none of us could do it.
It was ______________________________________________________
The exercise was too ___________________________________________
- The night was so cold that we all stayed at home.
It was such ___________________________________________________
- Nobody can move the piano because it is very heavy.
It is such _______________________________________________
Một số cách dùng khác của “so”:
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