A. TENSES
I. PRESENT SIMPLE TENSE (Thì hiện tại đơn)
|
vAdverbs of time:
-every(day, Sunday)
-on(Sunday, the weekend,…)
-inmy/his/herfree time
-after school
-in themorning/afternoon/evening
-always, usually, often, sometimes, never
-once, twice, three/four times,…
-How often…?
|
*TO BE (am/is/are)
|
Affirmative
(+)
|
I+ am …
He / She / It+ is …
We / You / They+ are…
|
|
Negative
(-)
|
I+ am+ not…
He / She / It+ is+ not…
We / You / They+ are+ not…
|
|
Interrogative
(?)
|
Am+ I …?
Is+ he / she / it …?
Are+ you / we / they…?
|
|
W-H questions
(?)
|
 What / Where+ am+ I …?
How / Who+ is+ he / she / it …?
When /…+ are+ you / we / they…?
|
*ORDINARY VERB (Động từ thường: play, listen, watch, go,…)
|
Affirmative
(+)
|
I / We / You / They+ Vbare-inf
He / She / It+V(s/es)
|
|
Negative
(-)
|
I / We / You / They+donot+Vbare-inf
He / She / It+doesnot+Vbare-inf
|
|
Interrogative
(?)
|
Do+ I / we / you / they+Vbare-inf?
Does+ he / she / it …?+Vbare-inf?
|
|
W-H questions
(?)
|
 What / Where+do+ I / you / we / they+Vbare-inf…?
How / Who+does+ he / she / it+Vbare-inf…?
When /…
|
Cách thêm “s/es”cho động từ
1.Thông thường:ta thêm “s” vào sau động từ
Ex:listen→ listens
walk→ walks
2.Thêm“es”cho các Verb tận cùng là “o, s, ch, x, sh”
Ex:watch→ watches
brush→ brushes
go→ goes
3.Động từ tận cùng là“Y”
a.Nguyên âm (u,e,o,a,i) + Y→ thêm “s” bình thường
Ex:play→ plays
buy→ buys
b.Phụ âm + “Y”→ IES
Ex:study→ studies
|
Compiled by Ms. Do Ngoc Mai Thanh
II. PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE (Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn): be + V-ing
|
-now / right now
-at present
-at the moment
-…!(Look!, Be careful!, Listen!,…)
-Câu hỏi với“Where”thì trả lời vớibe + Ving
|
|
Affirmative
(+)
|
I+ am+ V-ing+…
He / She / It+ is+ V-ing+…
We / You / They+ are+ V-ing+…
|
|
Negative
(-)
|
I+ am+not+ V-ing+…
He / She / It+ is+not+ V-ing+…
We / You / They+ are+not+ V-ing+…
|
|
Interrogative
(?)
|
Am+ I+ V-ing+…?
Is+ he / she / it+ V-ing+…?
Are+ you / we / they+ V-ing+…?
|
|
W-H questions
(?)
|
 What / Where+ am+ I+ V-ing+…?
How / Who+ is+ he / she / it+ V-ing+…?
When /…+ are+ you / we / they+ V-ing+…?
|
Notes:Cách thêm “ing”cho động từ
1.Thông thường:ta thêm “ing” vào sau động từ
Ex:listen→ listening
walk→ walking
2.Động từ1 âm, tận cùng là 1 phụ âm, trước nó là 1 nguyên âm → “double phụ âm + ing”
Ex:stop→ stopping
swim→ swimming
3.Động từ tận cùng là“Y”→ thêm “ing” bình thường
Ex:play→ playing
buy→ buying
fly→ flying
study→ studying
4.Động từ tận cùng là “e” → bỏ “e” thêm “ing”
Ex:take→ taking
make→ making
5.Động từ tận cùng là “ie”→ đổi “ie” thành “Y + ing”
Ex:lie→ lying
tie→ tying
|
III. NEAR FUTURE TENSE: be going to + Vbare-inf (Thì tương lai gần)
|
-tonight
-tomorrow
-this(weekend / Saturday / …)
-next(week / month / …)
-How long…?
|
|
Affirmative
(+)
|
I+am+ going to+ Vbare-inf
He / She / It+is+ going to+ Vbare-inf
We / You / They+are+ going to+ Vbare-inf
|
|
Negative
(-)
|
I+am+not+going to+ Vbare-inf
He / She / It+ is+not+going to+ Vbare-inf
We / You / They +are+not+going to+ Vbare-inf
|
|
Interrogative
(?)
|
Am+ I+going to+ Vbare-inf?
Is+ he / she / it+going to+ Vbare-inf?
Are+ you / we / they+going to+ Vbare-inf?
|
|
W-H questions
(?)
|
 What / Where+am+ I+going to+ Vbare-inf?
How / Who+is+ he / she / it+going to+ Vbare-inf?
When /…+are+ you / we / they+going to+ Vbare-inf?
|
|
IV. SIMPLE FUTURE TENSE: will +Vbare-inf
|
-tonight
-tomorrow
-this(weekend / Saturday / …)
-next(week / month / …)
-soon
-later
|
|
Affirmative (+)
|
Subject+will+ Vbare-inf
|
|
Negative (-)
|
Subject+will not (won’t)+ Vbare-inf
|
|
Interrogative (?)
|
Will+ subject+ Vbare-inf?
|
|
W-H questions (?)
|
 What / Where+will+subject+ Vbare-inf?
How / Who
When /…
|
|
B. SENTENCES
I. COMPARISON
A. Comparative of Adjectives
1. Short Adjectives (Adjectives contain 1 syllable. Example: cold, hot, young, old,…)
Ex: Her school is taller than his school.
I am stronger than my brother.
|
S1+ be +short adj+er than +S2
|
2. Long Adjectives (Adjectives contain 2 or more than 2 syllables. Example: beautiful, interesting, dangerous, intelligent …)
Ex: Her school is more beautiful than his school.
I am more intelligent than my brother.
|
S1+ be +more+ long adj+than +S2
|
v Notes
1. Short adjective ending in 1 vowel + 1 consonant
Ex: big à bigger / hot à hotter / thin à thinner
2. Adjectives with 2 syllables ending in “Y”
Ex: happy à happier / heavy à heavier
3. Some Irregular Comparative Adjectives
Ex: good à better / bad à worse / far à farther / many, much à more / little à less
B. Superlative of Adjective
Ex: This is the cheapest apartment.
The apartment at number 79 is the most expensive.
|
Short Adj
|
Subject+ is +the+short adj +est+ in / of …
|
|
Long Adj
|
Subject+ is +the most+long adj+in / of …
|
II. MAKING SUGGESTIONS
- Let’s + Vbare-inf …
Ex: I’m hungry. Let’s go (go) to the cafeteria.
- Why don’t we + Vbare-inf …?
Ex: Why don’t we (go) go to the movies?
- What about/How about + V-ing …?
Ex: It’s too hot. What about (go) going swimming?
- Shall we + Vbare-inf …?
Ex: Shall we (go) go for a walk?
- Would you like + to inf …?
Ex: Would you like (come) to come over for lunch?
· Accept: - That’s a good idea.
- OK / Great
- Yes, let’s.
- That sounds good.
- I’d love to.
· Refuse: - Sorry, I’m busy.
- Sorry, I can’t come.
- I’d love to but I’m busy.
III. EXCLAMATIONS
- Use: give compliments / make complaints
- Examples
- give compliments
What a lovely living room! ↔ How lovely the living room is!
What an awful day! ↔ How awful the day is!
- make complaints
What bad weather! ↔ How bad the weather is!
What good students! ↔ How good the students are!
- Forms
|
What+(a/an)+Adj+Noun!
|
|
How+Adj+Subject+be!
|
IV. SAYING THE TIME
1. 7.00 : It’s seven o’clock
6.20: It’s six twenty
8.45: It’s eight forty-five
2. Use “past”: 10.20: It’s twenty past ten
9.15: It’s fifteen past nine (= It’s a quarter past nine)
3.30: It’s thirty past three (= It’s half past three)
3. Use “to”: 9.50: It’s ten to ten
5.45: It’s fifteen to six = (It’s a quarter to six)
V. MORE…THAN… / FEWER…THAN… / LESS…THAN…
· more + uncountable noun / plural noun + than…: nhiều …hơn…
· 
fewer + plural noun + than…: ít …hơn…
· less + uncountable noun + than …: ít …hơn…
Ex: 1. I have 20 books. My friend has 18 books.
à My friend has fewer books than I do.
à I have more books than my friend does.
2. Lan drinks 2 glasses of milk a day. Nga drinks 3 glasses of milk.
à Lan drinks less milk than Nga.
à Nga drinks more milk than Lan.
VI. COMPOUND ADJECTIVES
+ number–a period of time + …
(minute/hour/day/…)
|
|
a / an / one
two / three/ four/…
|
|
Ex:1. Her birthday party will last for 2 hours.
à She will have a 2-hour birthday party.
2. He will go on a vacation for 3 weeks.
à He will have a 3-week vacation.
3. They often have 2 breaks that last for 20 minutes.
à They often have two 20-minute breaks.
VII. THERE IS… / THERE ARE …
|
Affirmative
(+)
|
Thereis+ a / an+ singular noun
Thereare+some+plural noun
|
|
Negative
(-)
|
Thereisnot+ a / an+ singular noun
Therearenot+any+ plural noun
|
|
Interrogative
(?)
|
Isthere+ a / an+ singular noun+ …?
→Yes, there is. / No, there isn’t.
Arethere+any+ pural noun+ …?
→Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.
|
VIII. ASKING SOMEONE’S BIRTHDAY
Ex: What is Hoa’s date of birth? à It’s June 8th.
When is Hoa’s birthday? à It’s on June 8th.
IX. TALKING ABOUT OCCUPATIONS
Ex: - What does Lan’s brother do? (= What is Lan’s brother’s job?)
à He is a journalist. (= He works as a journalist.)
- What does he do every day?
à He writes for Ha Noi newspaper.
X. ASKING THE PRICE
How muchisyour dictionary?
How muchdoesyour dictionarycost?
What is the price ofyour dictionary?
|
|
Ex: My dictionary is 150,000 dong. à
costs
XI. SPEND… / TAKE …
- spend (time) doing sth = It takes sb (time) to do sth
Ex: We spends an hour doing our homework.
= It takes us an hour to do our homework.
XII. SAYING THE DATE
Ex: 24/12: the twenty-fourth of December = December the twenty-fourth
XIII. PREPOSITIONS
A. Prepositions of time:
1. on Monday / Tuesday /…
on Monday 15th
on September 15th / September 15th, 2015
on (my) birthday
on the weekend
2. in October
in October, 2015
in 2015
in the morning / afternoon / evening
in the summer / winter / …
3. at 7 o’clock / 8 a.m.
at night
at the moment
at the weekend
at recess → It’s time for recess
4. from…to…
5. from…till / until…
B. Prepositions of position:
1. in the city / in the country / in town /
in the neighborhood
in grade 6 / in class 6A
2. on the table / on Nguyen Du Street /
on the first floor / on the shelf
on the farm / in the field
3. at home / at school / at 24 Nguyen Trai Street
4. between the bank and the bookstore
5. next to
6. near
7. opposite
8. in front of ≠ behind
9. to the left of ≠ to the right of
10. on the left ≠ on the right
11. at the back of
12. in the middle of
C. Adjectives + prepositions
- worried about
- good at / bad at
- good for / bad for
- suitable for
- different from
- famous for
- tired of
C. Adjectives + prepositions
- concerned about
- absent from
- keen on
- interested in / fond of
- excited about
- full of
- late for
D. Phrasal Verb
- take part in = participe in = join in
- look after = take care of
- ask sb for sth
- help sb with sth
- swap sth with sb
- Take a look at
XIV. ASKING FOR AND GIVING DIRECTIONS
Could / Canyoutellme how to get to + …(name of place)?
Could / Canyoushow / tellme the way to + …(name of place)?
àGo (straight) ahead.
àTurn left / right into…street.
àTake thefirst /secondstreet on theleft / right.
à. …(name of place)is on the / yourleft / right.
|
|
C. VERB FORM
- enjoy / love / like → Ex: He enjoys (collect) collecting stamps.
be interested in / be fond of + doing sth She is interested in (cook) cooking.
be good at / be bad at They are good at (swim) swimming.
- Thanks for doing sth → Ex: Thanks for (invite) inviting me.
- prefer doing sth to doing sth → Ex: She prefers (read) reading to (watch) watching TV.
- practice doing sth → Ex: They just practice (score) scoring goals.
- What about / How about + doing sth
want / need / learn / hope + to do sth → Ex: He learns (play) to play the guitar.
ask sb to do sth → Ex: She asks her son (do) to do his homework.qa
prefer to do sth → Ex: He prefers (listen) to listen to the radio.
… + Adj + to do sth → Ex: It’s not easy (find) to find a new apartment.
…+ how/what/where/… + to do sth → Ex: We learn how (fix) to fix household appliances.
Would you like + to do sth …? → Would you like (have) to have drink?
help sb do sth → Ex: I always help my mom (do) do the housework.
Let’s do sth / Shall we do sth…? / Why don’t we do sth…?
should do sth
D. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
- …favorite ↔ …like
→ Ex: What is your favorite subject? = What subject do you like best?
- enjoy ↔ be interested in ↔ be fond of ↔ like + V-ing (Xem phần C.1)
→ Ex: Ba enjoys fixing things.= Ba is interested in fixing things.
S + be + (a/an) + Adj + Noun
= S + verb + Adv of manner
→ Ex: Tim is a good soccer player. = Tim plays soccer well.
- more…than… ↔ fewer…than… / less…than… (Xem phần B mục V)
- spend ↔ take (Xem phần B mục XI)
- Let’s… ↔ Why don’t we…? ↔ What about…? ↔ Shall we…? ↔ Would you like…? (Xem phần B mục II)
- Comparison (Câu so sánh) (Xem phần B mục I)
- go to … late ↔ be late for …
→ Ex: She never goes to class late. = She is never late for class.
- like … better than … ↔ prefer … to …
→ Ex: She likes comic books better than novels. = She prefers comic books to novels.
- Compound adjective (a 45-minute test; an 8-day vacation) (Xem phần B mục VI)
- Price: How much…? What…? (Xem phần B mục X)